Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett free essay sample

The paper examines in detail the play, Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett, with accentuation on its strict ramifications. This paper expresses that, beside the topic of pausing, the focal topic of the play Waiting for Godot is strict convictions, particularly retribution and recovery. The creator proceeds with that every one of the four significant characters in the have speak to an influence of these topics. The play is investigated in detail from this point of view. The paper finishes up with the possibility that in the last demonstration, there is a new development wherein their jobs are additionally fortified and augmented through a showcase of strict portrayals and suggestions. Maybe one of the principal occurrence of the plays strict topic is Vladimirs reference to the account of the hoodlums in the Bible. In the primary demonstration of the play, Vladimir discloses to Estragon the account of the hoodlum who atoned, and was spared as a result of his apology. We will compose a custom article test on Hanging tight for Godot by Samuel Beckett or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This piece of the play delineates the primary indication of sadness of the two heroes in the story. Both Vladimir and Estargon are men who appear to have nothing by any means, put something aside for the boots of Estragon, and the cap of Vladimir, which were continually alluded to and talked about in the play. Their nothingness was additionally compounded when the way that they were really people who were destined to endure was raised in the main demonstration. In this scene, Vladimir asks Estragon the need to apologize with the goal that they will likewise be spared from their transgressions.

Basic Macro and Microeconomic Policies Assignment

Fundamental Macro and Microeconomic Policies - Assignment Example Cost indulgences in the aircraft business had brought money related expenses up diminishing benefits yet didn't consequently mean an expansion in deals. Bookkeeping issues and budgetary information were disregarded or dismissed during the website bust. Initially, an excessive amount of cash was spent on promoting which concentrated on selling and not advertising. Second, an excess of publicizing cash could have been spared if promotions were centered around advertise sections. Cost luxuries in the aircraft business had brought budgetary expenses up diminishing benefits however didn't consequently mean an expansion in deals. To start with, an excessive amount of cash was spent on promoting which concentrated on selling and not showcasing in both on the web and disconnected advertising(Churchill,1995). The earlier selling disposition of organizations as the endeavored to expand net benefits had been to organize the seller’s mean to create benefits. The miserable thing about this is the customers’ needs and needs were put to second place or just not taken up. In this manner, cash was spent paying software engineers huge aggregates of cash to make sites that would get the eyes of planned PC clients. To demonstrate that this kind of system to expand deals was compelling, the organizations focused on all PCs clients whether they were inside the United States or in the United Kingdom or somewhere else. Shockingly, there is no rationale that expanded publicizing on the web will consequently mean expanded deals.

How to Practically Implement the Theory of Constraints

How to Practically Implement the Theory of Constraints Talking about something can be easy. But when it comes to taking action, the task can be daunting.This may be due to a lack of understanding of what is to be done. It can also be caused by a lack of experience in taking the kind of action required.Yet you should not give up and wait to see what follows your inaction.Whether you are a startup or a large corporation, you definitely want to make your operations more efficient.Having learned about the Theory of Constraints in a previous article, today we want to focus primarily on implementation.We will use a company example to see how every step of the theory can be implemented.6 STEPS TO FOLLOW IN IMPLEMENTING THE THEORY OF CONSTRAINTSWe will go straight into defining our environment. For this article, we will assume that you run a car manufacturing plant.The name of the car you manufacture is Future and the company name is the same.Your goal is to have Future outdo the competition by providing an affordable high quality electric car. It has all the technology to go with it including a wireless connection.This is to enable it get software updates from you while picking calendar events from the owner to plan for trips.With such a great product, you have already made some sales.You are currently improving the product by incorporating customer feedback into the manufacturing process.From your marketing campaigns, people are excited and you have received pre-orders for the improved version. Though initially not sure about pre-orders, you decided to give your customers the opportunity.You met with your finance, production and logistics managers and set the pre-order price. Money came in and now have your hands full.It’s time to work.The ProblemFrom making an annual sale of 300 units, you now have orders for 700 units. You have promised to deliver within 10 months. From your estimation, this is possible.Unfortunately, the possibility proves impossible.Since you need to produce 70 units per month, you hire more staff to fill the gap. The work seems to continue well, only that at the end of the first month, you have only produced 45 cars.From a quick analysis, you realize that the staff have not been working as fast as you need them to. But some managers inform you that the work cannot be done faster otherwise the quality will be compromised.You still push them and the second month sees 5 more produced.At this point, you are 45 units behind schedule. The first month was 25 cars less (70 â€" 45) while the second month was 20 less (70 â€" 50).At this rate, you will need 4 more months to fulfill the order of 700 cars.You need to do something fast. You need to communicate to the customers as soon as possible and prepare them for a delay.What exactly went wrong?Let’s find out.1. Identify a Measurable GoalIn using the theory of constraints, there is a step which is often overlooked. Perhaps the step is seen to be too obvious to be mentioned. But that assumption can be very costly.This is the step whe re you identify a measurable goal. With a measurable goal, you are then able to find out what is causing you not to achieve your goal.Skipping this step leaves you with no clear way of knowing whether you are performing well or not.Let’s look at how this works in the company Future.There were pre-orders for 700 cars. From your estimation, these would have been produced within 10 months.What is it that would have happened if you never checked how much you were manufacturing every month? What if you just waited for 10 months to lapse then sought to deliver?You would have been shocked to find that you only had 450 cars.From your follow-up, you managed to push the production to 50 cars on the second month. With everything remaining constant, you would then have 495 cars by the end of month ten.Because you had identified the need for 70 units per month, you were able to easily recognize when a problem occurred.This is your measurable goal.If you didn’t have it, you would be taken by surprise come delivery day. Or you would notice the shortfall when it was too late.This would have resulted in negative press once angry customers took you to task.2. Identify the ConstraintFor a successful utilization of the theory of constraints, first realize that there is a problem. The presence of a problem is however not all you need to realize.The bigger task is to identify the problem itself.More specifically, identify the cause of the problem. This problem is what the theory refers to as a constraint. Another word used for it is the bottleneck. It is where the flow of work is most limited, hindering optimized operations.Identifying the constraint can take some time. In some cases, it may not be very clear. For that reason, a hurried inquiry may lead to a wrong conclusion.This is as bad as treating a non-existent disease. When a misdiagnosis is given at the hospital, the problem worsens.The current disease remains unnoticed while another one is indirectly introduced.So, letâ €™s identify the constraint.In Future, where you manufacture a similarly-named car, you have five main processes in production.1. Production of the engine â€" this is one of the time-consuming parts of your manufacturing. Considering the number of your staff, you can do a maximum of four engines on a good day. You need around 2 hours to finish one.2. Production of the chassis â€" this takes the second-longest to complete. A total of 1.5 hours is needed for the chassis.3. Production of the body â€" this also uses 1.5 hours to produce. The design of Future makes it time consuming. For the aerodynamics conditions to be met, more time is needed.4. Production of the tires â€" the production part which needs the least time to manufacture is the tires. The modern machines used and the highly-automated process make a huge difference. Four tires are produced in a record 30 minutes.This means that when one body is complete, there are enough tires for 3 cars. In the two hours needed to finish working on the engine, there are tires for 4 cars.5. Assembly of the car â€" assembling the car takes 3 hours. Although the initial stages of this process are carried out by machines, there are final touches which need a human hand.All in all, to produce one car, it takes a total of 5 hours. This is because the engine, chassis, body and tires are all produced concurrently.These processes run separately but at the same time. The item taking the most time to produce is what determines the total production time.That item is the engine. Since it takes 2 hours to produce the engine, and 3 hours to assemble everything, the whole car takes 5 hours.6. Storage â€" after the successful manufacturing of every car, it is moved to the storage area. This is done in less than 5 minutes. It is safe not to consider this as part of production.So what is the constraint?The constraint lies in the assembly. This is the part of the production where things slow down. It is the most time-consuming part of the process and it hinders faster production.3. Exploit the ConstraintThe next step is to look for ways of exploiting the constraint. This is where you seek to make the most out of the constraint.In most cases, most managers will seek to do an upgrade of the system so as to increase the capacity. Obviously this is a viable option but with the theory of constraints, that is not the best option.At least not at this point.This theory dictates that before undertaking major system changes, first make minor ones.These small changes will increase your productivity at a lower cost and help you understand the shortcomings of your system.In a way, this is what initially happened at Future. Due to increased pressure, the staff were able to produce 5 more vehicles without any increase in operational costs.At this point however, the area of focus is the assembly line.How do you exploit it for maximum production?You will need to do two things:1. Identify the cause of the problem â€" since you can never fix a problem you are not aware of, first identify the problem. What exactly happens at the assembly point? How is the work carried out? What do the employees do before receiving the parts to be assembled? What happens to the assembly machine?With work beginning every morning, the staff in this section are mainly idle. The machines which do the primary assembly are also off.They get switched on once the parts are available from the other processes. The machines themselves take around 15 minutes to be ready.Looking at the assembly process, you notice that between the machine shift and human shift, some time is lost.From your estimation, this is around 20 minutes. More than that, the human part of the work takes more time as your staff counter-check each other’s work three times.With each employee taking around 10 minutes to finish the assembly, it eventually takes 30 minutes for three employees.2. Fix the cause of the problem â€" with so much time getting wasted, what do you do?The solution is to cut off the “extra” time being used to do what has already been done i.e. counter-checking. This is the solution for the last part of the process.For the time taken before the machines are ready to start assembly, the machines can be switched on 30 minutes before receiving the parts.This will eliminate the 15 minutes wasted during powering. The additional 15 minutes can be used to check the machines for any problems.Then there are the 20 minutes getting lost as the final product moves from the machines to the human workers.If your staff stand ready to receive the work from the machine, they will save this 20 minutes. If they switch the machines on before the production processes are completed, they will save a further 15 minutes.Lastly, doing away with two of the counter-checking staff avails 20 more minutes. In total, you will save 55 minutes if you implement these changes.This can easily be rounded off to 1 hour if the workers simply concentrate on the w ork being done.This solution will increase the efficiency of the constraint. There will be no time wasted. The machines will be ready for work as soon as the production phase is complete.If 1 hour is saved at the assembly line, then it will take 4 hours to complete one car. If the work is being done in 8-hour day shifts, then one day can see 2 vehicles completed.This is as opposed to the need for a 10-hour day shift if finishing one car in 5 hours.If manufacturing takes place every day of the week, then you will be able to produce at least 60 cars in a month. This is 10 more from the 50 you are getting after piling pressure on your staff.This stage focuses on maximizing the constraint. When you do this, overall productivity is improved.4. Subordinate to the ConstraintThis is the stage where you make changes to the other stages of production.This is to align them with the constraint.At first, this may seem counter-intuitive, but there is a good reason for it.When you align all operat ions to the constraint, you create some advantages. Some of these are:Easy monitoring of the system â€" it becomes easy to see what is going on in each area of operation. The point of focus is the constraint thus your attention will be on it. With a keener eye on the constraint, you are able to ensure the changes you made are implemented and working.Increased inventory safety â€" when individual parts of the whole system are working at maximum capacity, one danger lurks in the shadows. Inventory safety is compromised. If you are producing 4 tires in half an hour yet assembly takes 3 hours, where are the extra tires going?Of course they can be stored awaiting assembly time.But this arrangement opens the door to potential loss of inventory. If the tires are way more than the engine and chassis, it becomes easy to lose track.Improved collaboration â€" subordinating to the constraint makes every system work at the pace of the constraint. This means everyone works at the same pace. The f low of work will be improved since all your staff are on the same page. This is what teamwork should be like. How do you subordinate to the constraint?There are two simple steps. The second one is more of an “extra” step you can take to further improve productivity at the constraint.STEP NO. 1: Reduce the number of tires being produced. For every 2 hours needed for assembly, have only one set of four tires produced. Since chassis and body production take 1.5 hours each, those can remain as they are.At the beginning of every working day, the individual processes can begin. The aim is to produce only one product after 2 hours; an engine, body, chassis and four tires. These go into the assembly line.While assembling the car is ongoing, those individual processes start over again. The aim? Produce only one item. This includes the tires where only one set is to be produced.Although the engine guys will not experience any change, those working on the chassis and body will experience s ome idle time. The same applies to the tire producers.This is all okay because your intention is to stop having a backlog at the constraint. Whenever there is a backlog, things often go wrong. For instance, your staff at the constraint will feel overwhelmed. Whenever there is a feeling of being overwhelmed, unproductivity is the end result. Source: Sacha ChuaThere is nothing worse than going home knowing you did not finish today’s work. Even refreshing your mind becomes a challenge.When your staff go home having finished the day’s work, they feel good about themselves. They have accomplished the day’s goal.In the long run therefore, you will have invested in your system by investing in your staff.STEP NO. 2: Take the idle staff to the assembly line. While focusing on the constraint, it might be great to make further improvements at the constraint. Since your tire guys have 1.5 hours of rest and your chassis and body producers have 30 minutes each of free time, they can help out with assembly.This is a cheap way of utilizing your staff.If you were not using the theory of constraints, you probably would have rushed to hire more staff for your assembly.But following this theory, you have taken a different route. One that has saved you considerable amounts of money.It is also important to realize that rushing to hire more staff doesn’t necessarily solve problems.You will have to train the new employees and have them familiarize themselves with everything.It becomes an additional cost yet you most likely never understood what the problem really was.With this management theory, you tackle issues one by one, starting with the most urgent one. This gives you a thorough understanding of the root causes of the problem.Furthermore, any improvements made in the system have a longer-lasting effect.5. Increase the Constraint’s CapacityOnce you have done all the above and decide you still want more cars produced per day, it’s now time to make an expensive investment.You have many options to choose from.You may decide to buy or lease more machines which handle the initial part of the assembly.You can also buy more advanced machines and have a fully-automated car assembly system.Still, there is the option of outsourcing this part of the production process.The options are as many as you can think of.At the end of the day, what matters is that you have made tremendous savings.These come in cash when you avoided an expensive upgrade too early.And in reducing the amount of backlog for the constraint, you prevented potential inventory loss.Better still, you have improved internal efficiency by dealing with the real problem.This management methodology is helpful in training someone to eliminate noise and get to the root of the problem.6. Repeat the Above Process with a New ConstraintHaving done the good job of dealing with the constraint, you need to check the system again for another constraint.There will most likely be another one which you didn’t see at first since it wasn’t the biggest bottleneck.You should follow the above steps in dealing with that new constraint.Repeating this process severally will help you make systematic changes in a manageable manner.CONCLUSIONThis was a realistic example of how the theory of constraints can be implemented.You can visualize the practical steps and apply them in your company. You will definitely experience the benefits.

Classical Civilizations of Ancient Greece, Rome, and China...

Throughout history, there have been many civilizations, empires, colonies, and tribes that have impacted the world. The civilizations of Greece, Rome, and China have done this, but what sets them apart from the others is their lasting significance and lasting impact they had on the world. For this reason, they are considered classical civilizations. To describe how Greece, Rome, and Han China are classical, there are three systems that are used; these are Economic, Social, and Political. Out of these three classical civilizations, Greece came first in history. An important invention of Greece was its plumbing systems. Greece was the first to create plumbing and now it is almost unheard of for a house anywhere on earth to not have a†¦show more content†¦Next on the timeline is Rome. Ancient Rome, like America, borrowed many ideas from the Greeks to create and advance structural ideas. In this way, they adapted their plumbing systems, but improved it by inventing public latrin es. We might think of this as an advancement, but Rome had areas where pots were placed in a circle to go to the bathroom, and the waste would drop down into a river or stream (the plumbing system). This was a huge improvement in their sanitary conditions. The Romans acquired other ideas from places other than Greece. In the political division, there was the Roman law where its standards were extremely influenced by the teachings of Stoic philosophers. The principles were based on common sense and practical ideas. Much of modern laws, including the legal systems of many European countries along with the United States, have been influenced by the long lasting Roman law. Again with importance, Rome’s agriculture and trade played a big role in Roman life. Agriculture was the most important industry in the empire and everything else depended on it. Most Romans relied on the food grown in their local area and all other food and luxuries were only for the rich and they got them th rough trade. Rome, being along the Mediterranean Sea, had a enormous trading system and also had roads connecting it to far off places such as Persia and southern Russia. And connecting this huge empire was its sole language, the Latin language. Latin, in theShow MoreRelated Contributions of Ancient Civilizations Essay820 Words   |  4 Pagesformed civilizations. A civilization is a community characterized by elements such as a system of writing, a development of social classes, and cities. Early civilizations such as ancient Greece, classical Rome, Mesopotamia, and classical China have made many contributions to society that still affect people in the modern world. The inventions, progress, and contributions of the people of these ancient civilizations and others have shaped the world that we all live in today. 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Do you think that the classical empires hold â€Å"lessons† for the present, or are contemporary circumstances sufficiently unique as to render the distant past irrelevant? †¢ This question can be answered successfully from several perspectives, although in order to argue that the classical empires are irrelevant a student would have to address the arguments made in the Reflections section of the text. †¢ ARead MoreShould Museums Artifacts And Their Country Of Origin?1255 Words   |  6 PagesShould Museums Repatriate Ancient Artifacts to their Country of Origin? Ancient artifacts are the symbols of human civilization. All of them are priceless and cannot be measured by currency value. Repatriate is a controversial problem because of the various reasons. For instance, the aggressor took all of the captures back to their home countries and showed them to the public, during the war. Voyagers took other countries’ artifact to prove they had been in that place. 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Types of Head Gear - 1277 Words

Types of Head Gear Implemented/ Effectiveness Within the game of baseball, only select players are required to wear headgear. These include batters and back catchers. The proposal for new pitching caps will be explored within the next section, while the effectiveness of batting helmets and catcher helmets/masks is the focal point of this section. We will begin with a brief overview of the rationale of the helmet. Helmets are ultimately designed to lessen the energy resulting from a massive impact and to disperse the force over a larger surface area.(21) The features that govern effective helmet functioning include, the liner foam, its thickness and density, and the outer shell stiffness.(21) Batting Helmets Goldsmith and Kabo conducted an experiment to establish the success of available batting headgear in 1982, as there was no conclusive understanding concerning the protective ability of these proposed safety mechanisms at that point in time. When running a liner test, they observed that the present materials being used only slightly contributed to the dissipation of energy (at most 10% dissipation of the original energy value).(22) In further tests, they discovered that in fact, it was the bending of the outer shell that assisted in energy absorption through its ability to elastically deform. Inhibition of elastic deformation caused acceleration levels placed on the head to be largely increased. This study concluded that although the present-day helmets hadShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Concussions In Sports807 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst. Especially, when youre doing something that can get you an injury really easy. Having protective gear is important, mainly in sports. Some sport s should have protective head gear. Protecting your head is important, and every part in it. Half of the sports are usually contact sports, which getting hurt in the head can be more of the chance, which is bad. 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Most people do not think concussions are a big deal but they are. In fact concussions can lead to suicide because they cause your brain to not function correctly, especially when having more than one. Not only can they lead to suicide but they also have many long term effects on the brain. I am sure on television, many viewers have seen big collisions where somebody gets a hard hit to the head. It is most likelyRead MoreFootball Is Too Dangerous : Football1501 Words   |  7 Pagesplay mainly in the U.S., daily without regarding the fact of the possible injuries that they put themselves in. Many people think because of all the pads and gear that football is one of the most safest sports to play, well they might have this football mistaken with European style of football or in other names soccer. All the pads and gear does not indeed insure safety, those pads just simply help prevent injuries or make playing the sport just a little bit safer, but they do not fully answer the

How a Job Analysis Is Used to Create a Job Description Free Essays

Explain How a Job Analysis is used to create a Job Description The team was comfortable differentiating between job analysis and job design. Most of us, as first level supervisors, have some to little input into the job analysis but usually have much more input into the job design. The team was comfortable comprehending the objective of how a job analysis is used to create a job description. We will write a custom essay sample on How a Job Analysis Is Used to Create a Job Description or any similar topic only for you Order Now Several of the team members have had some sort of experience with job analysis or at least were comfortable with the concept. From the reading, we learned that the purpose of job analysis is to â€Å"specify the work to be done and the personal characteristics that are required to do the work† (Cascio, 2010, p. 167). Human Resources (HR) will develop the job analysis based on the needs of the customer. We also learned that HR will use the customer’s requirements to conduct a thorough job analysis to determine the tasks, experience level, and other job characteristics or requirements of a job. Most students, in their jobs, do not have a hand in analyzing what was needed for a certain tasks received from higher leadership, but instead had to fill the task with the most qualified person. Another student, in his role as a manager, has developed statements of work and the job descriptions for each required position. This student has used the technique numerous times throughout his career. The group agrees that a proper and legal job analysis is best summed up by two statement â€Å"To ensure job relatedness, employers must be able to link required knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (measures of which candidates actually are assessed on) to essential job functions† and â€Å"Finally, recognize that under the ADA it is imperative to distinguish â€Å"essential† from â€Å"nonessential† functions prior to announcing a job or interviewing applicants. Cascio, 2010, p. 169). Explain the Functions of a Job Description Like the first objective, the team was comfortable with the explanation of a job description. The functions of a job description was a simple topic to understand. We learned from the reading that the job description is a direct result of job analysis (Cascio, 2011, p. 167). Most of us have had at some time dealt with job or duty descriptions as part of our jobs. In fact each of us, when we applied for our jobs, had to read and understand the details and requirements of the job description. Two student have had a hand in creating job descriptions for positions on contracts that they have worked on or managed. Job description shows the tasks required to fulfill customer requirements. Another student expressed how being in tune with the responsibilities of one’s’ job is critical for the success of the business. Goals are also essential, as they allow workers to understand what they are doing on a daily basis and how these goals relate to company objectives and the strategic plan. The readings introduced a couple of other job descriptions used today: behavioral and video. References Cascio, W. F. (2010). Managing human resources: Productivity, quality of work life, profits (8th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved from University of Phoenix Library website: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/eReader. aspx How to cite How a Job Analysis Is Used to Create a Job Description, Essays

Project Planning for Procon Services Ltd †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Project Planning for Procon Services Ltd. Answer: Case study overview: The Procon services ltd. is a consultancy organization. The project has been undertaken for managing the fit outs of the medium sized organization named as Vella IT office. The budget of completing the fit outs for the organization is about to be $ 1.2 M. From which $ 675 K has already been spent by the previous project manager. It has been estimated that from March to June project will be completed but because of the efficiency of the previous project manager the amount of work done till 1st may is ground floor is completed only 75%, Ist floor is near about 25% and same as with the 2nd floor, and the top floor is completed only 50%. In this paper, we are going to propose the effective project planning methodology for analysing the variance of cost and schedule associated with the project completion, and what leadership style should be adopted to motivate the employees to achieve the target of the enterprise. The focus should also be given on managing coordination and cooperation amo ng the team members of the organization. Summary: By analysing the time variance and cost variance, we find that the delay in project completion occurs with the payment of higher cost. By focusing on the previous scheduled time and actual completion of data we find that the project is delayed up to 32 day for completing all the activities of the project and deliver it to the stakeholder for use. It has been found that the rise in cost occur due to the delay of the project completion. It is near about 8000 Rupees. Time Variance Table: Activities Previous scheduled time (days) Actual completion time (Days) Variance (Days) Review of the Vella IT office 5 8 -3 Site work 15 14 1 Foundation activities 18 20 -2 Renovation of the ground floor 17 22 -5 Renovation of the first floor 20 30 -5 Renovation of the second floor 12 18 -5 Renovation of the top floor 5 10 -5 Furnishing 5 4 1 Plumbing 5 3 2 Electrical supply 5 3 2 Development of the telecom infrastructure 3 3 0 Exterior furnishing 2 2 0 Interior furnishing 4 3 1 Final acceptance 4 2 2 Total duration 120 days 152 days 32 days Cost Variance table: The following table shows the factors responsible for the occurrence of variance as expected cost schedule: Cost elements associated with the project completion Changes in the design Problems associated with the building structure Management of the activities is not proper Uncertain conditions Inflation in the rise and fall of the material cost Difficulties in relationship with supplier Planning and designing phase Major - Major - Minor - Problems associated with the building structure Minor Major Minor - Minor - Preparation of the site plan Minor - Minor Major Minor Minor Building and construction phase Major - Major Minor Major Major Use of equipment Major - Minor - Major Minor Management of team coordination Major Minor Major Major Major Minor Cost Variance table: Activities Previous scheduled Cost (Lakhs) Actual completion Cost (Lakhs) Variance (Lakhs) Review of the Vella IT office 80000 95000 -15000 Site work 10000 8000 2000 Foundation activities 20000 22000 -2000 Renovation of the ground floor 40000 48000 -8000 Renovation of the first floor 100000 123000 -23000 Renovation of the second floor 150000 144000 6000 Renovation of the third floor 120000 134000 -14000 Furnishing 200000 234000 -34000 Plumbing 20000 14000 6000 Electrical supply 50000 48000 2000 Development of the telecom infrastructure 50000 66000 -16000 Exterior furnishing 150000 123000 27000 Interior furnishing 200000 212000 -12000 Final acceptance 10000 9000 1000 Total Cost 1200000 1280000 -8000 Additional Information: The new project manager is looking forward for analysing the leadership style adopted by the previous manager and the inefficiency associated with it which results into failure of the project completion on time. He is seeking for the information which helps in motivating the employees to carry over the required work within the allocated time so that the project can be delivered to the stakeholder within the baseline. Leadership style: From the analysis of the case study, we concluded that the Tony Faultier who worked for the company as project manager had adopter the autocratic style of leadership in which he looks upon all the activities and takes decision accordingly (Luca, 2014). The incompleteness of the project helps in determining the inefficiency of the project manager in taking relevant decision. The autocratic behaviour of the project manager creates the problematic scenario for the working employees. The dictatorial representation of the leader creates a feeling of frustration in the working employees. The group members cannot present their ideas, likes, and dislikes associated with the decision (Xiong, 2012). They have to carry out the activities if the decision is given by the manager. The employees have to wait for green signal to carry out the activities and completed it with in time. This was the major cause for the project failure or incompleteness. The knowledge and experience of the group members is completely wasted. The leadership style of the Tony Faultier has to be changed with the democratic leadership style which involves the coordination of the team member for presenting a decision. The involvement of group discussion and suggestion forum brings the feeling of ownership in the participating employees. The decision comes into existence with the active participation of the employees and making majority for taking decision (Anantatmula, 2013). This leadership style helps in presenting new ideas, opinions, thoughts, and ideas for handling complex situation (Turner, 2014). The employees feel happy to remain attached with the decision making platform. The complex problem can be effectively solved with the help of providing quality suggestions and ideas. The team spirit and the feeling of cooperation can be effectively maintained in the working employees. The goals are created for the active participating units. The roles and responsibilities are provided with the acknowledgement of skills and tal ent in the working employees. The achievement of the team members should be motivated and appreciated (Muszynska, 2015). The changes in the working platform of the operation can be effectively managed with the involvement of high skilled employees in the organization. The decision making capabilities of the employees can be enhanced by creating the blanket of ideas and relevant information required for taking effective decision. The new opportunities should be provided to the working employees for increasing the satisfaction of the employee with their job. The team building and their coordination and cooperation helps in solving the issues which are responsible for the delay of the project. No extra cost is incurred on the consultancy hired for providing new ideas to complete the project on time. From the current scenario, we have analysed that the autocratic leadership style affects the moral values of the employees which results into the pitfall in the activities completion. It is recommended to use democratic style of leadership because it helps in providing the organization culture which depends on the pillars of honesty, coordination, trust, ethical behaviour, and loyalty. The active participation of the employees in the decision making scenario provides satisfaction to the decision for completing the work on time. The duties, roles, and responsibilities should be clearly defined to the employees according to their skills and talents. The value and consideration should be given on the views and thoughts of the subordinates. The strategies should be developed for the open communication in the working curriculum of the enterprise. It helps in generating new ideas which are valuable for solving the complex situation of completing the project on time (Rao, 2013). The mutual trust should be created between the employees and the project manager for encouraging cooperation in the process undertaken to innovate the fit out of the enterprise within the baseline. The flaws of the previous project manager can be resolved which helps in managing good communication between the employees. The ethical policies should be undertaken to take ethical decision for enhancing the working style of the enterprise. The cultural values of the working members should not be hurt which exist due to the diversification at work place (Slevin, 2007). The preference should be given on handling the chaos and conflict of the working employees. The proactive action should be taken to manage the risks associated with the development plan of fit outs for Vella IT office. Recommendation: The active participation of the employees helps in managing the blanket of new ideas which provides several alternatives for the completion of the project on time. The employees feel happy to remain attached with the decision making platform. The complex problem can be effectively solved with the help of providing quality suggestions and ideas. The expertise of the employees takes the project on track again for completing the project activities within the scheduled baseline. The fit outs of the Vella office can be completed within the new baseline created for the completion of the project with the deployment of following activities: Identifying the cause of delay in completing the project activities within the time limit. The autocratic leadership style of the manager has to be transformed with the democratic leadership style (Gillard, 2009). Evaluation of the potential issues associated with the completion of the project activities. The ethical guidelines and procedures should be followed to take an ethical decision for the betterment of the working employees. The good work of the employees should be rewarded and appreciated The follow up of rules and regulation Consultation should be taken from the working employees The possible action should be taken for resolving the potential issues of the enterprise The consequences should be measured in terms of probable action taken in completing the project The best alternative should be chosen for completing the project activities on time. Conclusion: From the analysis of the case study, we are able to propose the effective project planning methodology for analysing the variance of cost and schedule associated with the project completion, and what leadership style should be adopted to motivate the employees to achieve the target of the enterprise. References: Anantatmula, V. (2013).Project manager leadership role in improving project performance. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://web.nchu.edu.tw/pweb/users/arborfish/lesson/8761.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Collyer, S. (2009).Project management approaches for dynamic environment. 1st. ed. [ebook] [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Gillard, S. (2009).Soft skills and technical expertise of effective project manager. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://iisit.org/Vol6/IISITv6p723-729Gillard599.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Luca, J. (2014).Successful team work: A case study. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://www.unice.fr/crookall-cours/teams/docs/team%20Successful%20teamwork.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Muszynska, K. (2015).Communication management in project team-practice and pattern. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://www.toknowpress.net/ISBN/978-961-6914-13-0/papers/ML15-266.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Rao, S. (2013).Organizational behaviour and effective management. 1st. ed. [ebook] [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Slevin, D. (2007).An overview of behavioural issues in project management. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228050474_An_Overview_of_Behavioral_Issues_in_Project_Management[Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Turner, R. (2014).The project manager leadership style as a success factor on project. 1st ed. [ebook] https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/files/225265908/06._The_Project_Manager_s_Leadership_Style_as_a_Success_Factor_on_projects.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017] Xiong, R. (2012).Leadership in project management. 1st. ed. [ebook] https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/26596/xiong_riyue_200812_mast.pdf [Accessed 25 Sep. 2017]